Several binary lifter tools use the TCG API from QEMU as an intermediate representation. In effect, they are using QEMU as an ISA specification for the ISA being emulated.
Notes related to TCG (Tiny Code Generator) intermediate representation
QEMU, rev.ng reverse engineering tool
Papers related to TCG (Tiny Code Generator) intermediate representation
- Rev.Ng: A unified binary analysis framework to recover CFGs and function boundaries [difederico:cc:2017]